{"id":791,"date":"2022-02-19T16:17:33","date_gmt":"2022-02-19T08:17:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/?p=791"},"modified":"2022-02-19T16:17:33","modified_gmt":"2022-02-19T08:17:33","slug":"%e8%a7%86%e9%a2%91%e4%bc%a0%e8%be%93%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/?p=791","title":{"rendered":"\u89c6\u9891\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u8bbe\u8ba1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e24\u53f0\u673a\u5668\uff0cA \u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a TCP \u5305\u5230 B \u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e45\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"995\" height=\"244\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/protocol-1-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-794\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c SYN \u4ece 0 \u79d2\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u51fa\uff0c\u5230 B \u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a SYN \uff0cB \u518d\u7acb\u5373\u53d1 SYN+ACK \uff0cB\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0cTCP \u5b9e\u73b0\u91cc\u9762 \uff0cB\u6536\u5230 SYN \u5c31\u4f1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5feb\u5730\u53d1 SYN + ACK\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u518d\u5230 A \u6536\u5230 \u8fd9\u4e2a SYN+ACK \u8fc7\u4e86 0.0008 \u79d2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f 0.8 \u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5c40\u57df\u7f51 \u4e00\u4e2a RTT \uff08round trip time\uff09\u65f6\u95f4\u662f 0.8\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bf4 A \u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5230 B\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981 0.4 \u6beb\u79d2\uff0c0.4\u6beb\u79d2 B\u5c31\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u518d\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b TCP \u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u30023\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8c03\u7528 TCP \u7684 socket api \u51fd\u6570 <code class=\"prettyprint\" >send()<\/code> \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c<code>send()<\/code> \u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u56de\u6765\u786e\u8ba4 ACK\uff0cTCP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c <code class=\"prettyprint\" >send()<\/code> \u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6536\u5230 ack \uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u6f14\u793a\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u5148\u8bf4\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>TCP client \u8ddf \u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53d1 data-1 \uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de ack-1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53 \u53d1 data-2 \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u628a\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7f51\u7ebf\u62d4\u5f00\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u4e0d\u5230 data-2 \uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1 ack-2\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019 client \u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u53d1 data-2\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u6b21\u6f14\u793a\u4f7f\u7528 PHP \u5199 TCP client\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >&lt;?php\r\n$fp = fsockopen(&quot;192.168.0.123&quot;, 5188, $errno, $errstr, 30);\r\n\u200b\r\n\u200b\r\nif (!$fp) {\r\n    echo &quot;$errstr ($errno)&lt;br \/&gt;\\n&quot;;\r\n} else {\r\n\u200b\r\n    sleep(3);\r\n    fwrite($fp, &quot;data-1&quot;);\r\n    sleep(30);\r\n    fwrite($fp, &quot;data-2&quot;);\r\n    printf(&quot;\u53d1\u9001 data-2 \u65f6\u95f4 %s \\r\\n&quot;,time());\r\n\u200b\r\n    while (!feof($fp)) {\r\n        echo fgets($fp, 128);\r\n    }\r\n    printf(&quot;\u6536\u5230\u94fe\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00 \u65f6\u95f4 %s \\r\\n&quot;,time());\r\n    echo(&quot;end \\r\\n&quot;);\r\n\u200b\r\n    fclose($fp);\r\n}\r\n?&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"956\" height=\"496\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/protocol-1-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-795\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"102\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/protocol-1-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-792\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u56fe\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4ece \u7b2c 8\u4e2a \u6570\u636e\u5305 \u5f00\u59cb \u53d1 <code class=\"prettyprint\" >data-2<\/code> \uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f51\u7ebf\u5df2\u7ecf\u65ad\u5f00\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6536\u5230 ack-2 \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 TCP \u5185\u90e8 \u4ece 33.3 \u79d2\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86 4 \u6b21 \u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5230 ARP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u9001\uff0cTCP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ece \u91cd\u8bd5 \u5230 \u786e\u8ba4\u94fe\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00\u7528\u4e86 19 \u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6f14\u793a\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/pan.baidu.com\/s\/1vsL06Hk8gyaT7zml_IWMjA\">\u767e\u5ea6\u7f51\u76d8<\/a>\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u7801\uff1awlus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f TCP \u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5047\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u6ce2\u52a8\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u65ad\u5f00 1~2 \u79d2\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd TCP \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a TCP \u5185\u90e8\u4f1a\u91cd\u8bd5 4 \u79d2\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a RTO \uff08\u91cd\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed9 \u9700\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93 \u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u89c6\u9891\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u8981\u505a\u5230 50 \u6beb\u79d2\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u65ad\u5f00 1~2 \u79d2\uff0cTCP client \u5185\u90e8\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002\u800c\u4e14 TCP \u91cc\u9762\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\uff0c RTO\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5c42\u662f\u6ca1\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u9700\u8981\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e71\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053 IP \u5c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u4e71\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u800c\u4e14 IP \u5c42 \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5982\u679c \u5927\u4e8e MTU \u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c \u6570\u636e\u5305\u5206\u7247\u3002\u4f46\u662f \u7531\u4e8e TCP \u7684socket \u8ddf UDP \u7684 socket \u90fd\u5bf9 IP \u5c42\u505a\u4e86\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 TCP \u6216\u8005 UDP \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651 IP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u5206\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f \u7531\u4e8e UDP \u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305 \u505a \u987a\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4 client \u53d1\u9001 data-1 , \u968f\u540e client \u9a6c\u4e0a\u53d1\u9001 data-2 \uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 TCP \u7684socket\uff0cserver \u4ece <code class=\"prettyprint\" >recv()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u662f <code>data-1<\/code> \u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f <code>data-2<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f UDP \u7684 socket\uff0cserver \u4ece <code class=\"prettyprint\" >recv()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f <code>data-1<\/code> \u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f <code>data-2<\/code>\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a UDP \u6ca1\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e \u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u6765\u8bf4 \uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u987a\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u753b\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"557\" height=\"302\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/protocol-1-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-793\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e UDP \u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0 ACK\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u64ad\u653e\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf \u6536\u5230\u4e86 I-1 \uff0cP-2\uff0cP-3\uff0c I-2\u5e27\uff0c \u4e00\u51714\u5e27\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I-1 \uff0cP-2\uff0cP-3 \u8fd93 \u5e27\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7 udp \u53d1\u9001ack \u544a\u8bc9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u4e86\uff0cP-4 \u5e27\u7531\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u6ce2\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6ca1\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u6ca1\u53d1ack\uff0c\u4f46\u662f I-2 \u5e27\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5982\u679c \u5230\u4e86\u8981\u64ad\u653e P-4 \u5e27\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cP-4\u5e27\u8fd8\u6ca1\u5230\uff0c\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7 P-4 \u76f4\u63a5\u62ff I-2 \u5e27\u64ad\u653e\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u53d1 I-2 \u7684ack\u5305\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9 \u5bf9\u7aef\uff0cI-2 \u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u8bd5\u4e86\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u64ad\u653e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728TCP \u91cc\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a TCP \u5185\u90e8\u4f1a\u505a \u6570\u636e\u5305\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7528 <code class=\"prettyprint\" >recv()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570 \u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u62ff\u5230 P-4 \u518d\u62ff I-2\u5e27\uff0c\u867d\u7136 I-2 \u5e27\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728TCP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5185\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5f3a\u5236\u63a7\u5236\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u7528 UDP \u5f00\u53d1\u5b9e\u65f6\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1\uff0cUDP 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