{"id":799,"date":"2022-02-20T02:20:46","date_gmt":"2022-02-19T18:20:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/?p=799"},"modified":"2022-06-11T02:50:30","modified_gmt":"2022-06-10T18:50:30","slug":"ip%e5%88%86%e7%89%87%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/?p=799","title":{"rendered":"IP\u5206\u7247\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053 \u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u662f\u5206\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >MAC \u5c42 -&gt; IP \u5c42 -&gt; TCP \u5c42<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >MAC \u5c42 -&gt; IP \u5c42 -&gt; UDP \u5c42<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"913\" height=\"627\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Data-Encapsulation.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-806\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 MAC \u5c42 \u4e5f\u53eb\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5c42\uff0cMAC + IP \u5c42\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3 \u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 IP \u5c42\u901a\u8fc7 \u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae \u67e5\u627e radix \u6811\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3 \u53d1\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a \u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6210 \u4e00\u4e32\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u9001\u5165\u7f51\u7edc \uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cMAC\u5c42 \u8ddf IP\u5c42\u8026\u5408\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u91cd\uff0cIP \u5c42 \u672c\u6765\u662f \u89e3\u51b3 Client Server \u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0cIP \u5c42\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u7528\u592a\u5173\u6ce8 \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053 \u53cc\u65b9 IP \u5373\u53ef\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f IP \u5305\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3 \u53c8\u7531\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0cARP\u8868\u7b49\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f1a\u628a \u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684 mac \u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u65ad\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a \u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a \u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684 mac\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6210 \u4e00\u4e32\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u9001\u5165\u7f51\u7edc \uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5305\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d8\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u53ea\u662fmac \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5 MAC \u5c42 + IP \u5c42\uff0c\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86 \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3TCP \u8ddf UDP \u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff1fTCP \u8ddf UDP \u534f\u8bae\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206 \u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u76d1\u542c\u4e0d\u540c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TCP \u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u91cf\u7ea7\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UDP \u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\uff0c\u7559\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u5c42\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5f53\u521d\u9884\u7559 udp \u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a socket\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u5999\u7684\uff0c\u8ba9\u8c03\u7528\u5c42\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\u5c31\u80fd\u57fa\u4e8e udp \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6808\uff0c\u65e9\u671f DPDK \u8fd8\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>google_ads_content<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b IP \u5206\u7247\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IP \u5c42\u7684\u5206\u7247\u5bf9\u4e8e TCP\uff0cUDP \u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u7528 TCP socket\uff0cUDP socket \u662f\u611f\u53d7\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9996\u5148\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5206\u7247\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0cMAC \u5c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u5355\u5143\u662f\u6709\u4e0a\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0a\u9650\u53eb MTU\uff0c\u5168\u79f0 Maximum Transmission Unit \uff08\u6700\u5927\u4f20\u8f93\u5355\u5143\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b \u673a\u5668\u7684 MTU\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>window10 \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4 <code class=\"prettyprint\" >netsh interface ipv4 show subinterfaces<\/code> \u67e5\u770b MTU \uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"744\" height=\"351\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ip-cut-1-0.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-803\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>linux \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"prettyprint\" >ifconfig<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u5361\u7684 MTU\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"627\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ip-cut-1-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-804\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u7684 ubuntu \u7684 MTU \u662f 1500 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u5728 MAC \u5c42\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6700\u5927\u53ea\u80fd\u662f 1500 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b MAC \u5c42\u7684MTU \u90fd\u662f 1500 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c<strong>\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u65e9\u671f\u4e00\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684 MTU \u5c11\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a MAC \u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u53d1 1500 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u90a3\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec UDP \u53d1\u9001\u8d85\u8fc7 1500\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aUDP server\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u5730\u5740\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/pan.baidu.com\/s\/1K6aRqq3ATkUh83yw4YhxHw\">\u767e\u5ea6\u7f51\u76d8<\/a>\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u7801\uff1a1dyb \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"prettyprint\" >ncat -vv 192.168.0.123 5189 -u<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u62df\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001 udp \u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef ncat \u8f93\u5165 <code class=\"prettyprint\" >11-aaa....aaa-22<\/code>\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684 a \u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4e00\u5171 2004\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u90012004\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"988\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ip-cut-1-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-805\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528 wireshark \u6293\u5305\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 <code class=\"prettyprint\" >host 192.168.0.123<\/code> \u6293\u53d6 \u8ddf <code>192.168.0.123<\/code> \u6709\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6293ARP\uff0cTCP\uff0cUDP\uff0c\u90fd\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"648\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ip-cut-1-2-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-801\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1106\" height=\"245\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ip-cut-1-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-802\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c2004 \u5b57\u8282\u7684 \u6570\u636e\u5305 \u88ab\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a IP\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f UDP \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0cUDP \u4e0d\u50cf TCP \uff0cTCP \u5185\u90e8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f1a\u627e\u51fa\u4f20\u8f93\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u6700\u5c0f\u7684MTU\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a MTU \u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5206\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5728 IP \u5c42\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u5728 IP \u5c42\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5206\u7247\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e00\u5757\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u65b0\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528 UDP \u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a 2004 \u5b57\u8282\u7684UDP\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u88ab IP \u5c42\u5206\u7247\u4e86\uff0c\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u4e2aIP\u5305\u3002IP A\u5305 1480\u5b57\u8282\uff08IP\u5934\u90e8\u5360\u4e8620\u5b57\u8282\uff09\uff0cIP B\u5305 524\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0cUDP \u662f\u6ca1\u6709 ACK \u673a\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80af\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0 ACK\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ed9 \u8fd9\u4e2a 2004\u7684 udp\u5305\u6253\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u793a ID \u7b49\u4e8e 1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u89c4\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u6ca1\u6536\u5230 \u5bf9\u9762\u53d1\u6765\u7684 ACK-1 \uff0c\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3aUDP\u4e22\u5305\u4e86\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001 2004 \u5b57\u8282\u7684UDP\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4e22\u5305\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c2004\u5b57\u8282\u7684UDP\u5305\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u4e86 \u4e24\u4e2a IP \u5305\uff0cIP A\u5305 1480\u5b57\u8282\uff08IP\u5934\u90e8\u5360\u4e8620\u5b57\u8282\uff09\uff0cIP B\u5305 524\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\uff0cIP A\u5305\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u8fbe\u5bf9\u9762\u673a\u5668\u4e86\uff0c\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u53ea\u662f IP B\u5305\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u4f20 IP B\u5305 524 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e IP \u5c42\u7684\u5206\u7247\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\uff0cUDP \u5c42\u65e0\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ed6\u7684\u5206\u7247\u903b\u8f91\uff0cUDP \u5c42\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u77e5\u9053 IP \u5c42\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9700\u8981\u7740\u91cd\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0cIP \u5c42\u7684\u5206\u7247\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u672c\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u91cc\u53d1\u751f\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u8bb2\u8fc7 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u7f51\u5361\u7684 MTU \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u7684 MTU \u5c31\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e IP \u5c42\u7684\u5206\u7247\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u672c\u6765\u53ea\u9700\u91cd\u4f20 524 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8981\u91cd\u4f20 2004 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 IP \u5c42\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u9e21\u808b\u3002TCP \u662f\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1fTCP 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-protocol-primer"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>IP\u5206\u7247\u5206\u6790 - \u5f26\u5916\u4e4b\u97f3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xianwaizhiyin.net\/?p=799\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"IP\u5206\u7247\u5206\u6790 - \u5f26\u5916\u4e4b\u97f3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053 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